Steam-generator.



No. 636,837. Patented Nov. I4, m99. G. A. NUSSBAUM.

STEAM GENERATOR. (Appnm aladin 1 189e) umuumo., wAsmNGToN o c `(LA. NussAuM.

STEAM GENEHATUR.

(Application led Doc. 7, 1898.) (lo Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 2.

Patented Nov. I4, |899.

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No. 636,837. Patented Nov. I4, |899.

G. A. NUSSBAUM.

STEAM GENERATOR.

(Application led Deo. 7, 1898.)

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(No Model.)

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AM GENERATOR.

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GUILLAUME ARNAUD N UssBAUM, 0E LONDON, ENGLAND;

STEAM- GENERATOR srEcrEIcA'TIoN "forming part ef Lettere Patent No. 636,837, dated November 14, 1899. Application tiled December 7, 1898. Serial No. 698,566. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom t may concern:

Beit known that I, GUILLAUME ARNAUD NUSSBAUM, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, residing at Ludgate Hill, London, England, have invented Improvements in Steam-Generators, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has reference to improvements in steam-generators of the Cornish, Lancashire, marine, and like types, in which steam is generated in a large cylindrical vessel'; and it has for its object to provide for a better and quicker transmission of heat from the iiame and hot gases to the Water than heretofore usual in such steam generators, and consequently to increase the evaporative eciency of the generators. For this purpose the flue or shell of the steam-generator, according as it is iired internally or externally, is constructed with a number of transverselyarranged heat-conducting plates or bodies that form part of and4 extend from the heating-surface of the steam-generator into the water-space thereof, so as to present a very large heating-surface to the Water, and in conjunction with such plates or bodies there are or may be employed mixing and heating devices so constructed and arranged in the furnace-iiue as While not offering undue resistance to the flow of hot lgas and air through such iiue Will intimately mix such hot gases and air so as to effect ecient combustion thereof, and will also act to conduct heat to the heat-conducting plates or bodies and other parts of the steam-generator and also to bring the hot gases into effective contact With the heating-surface of the generator.

Figures 1 and 2 of the accompanying illustrative drawings show, respectively, in longitudinal section and cross-section a steamgenerator of the Cornish type constructed according to this invention. Fig. 3 shows in cross-section a steam-generator of the Lancashire type according to this invention. Fig. 4 shows in face view, and Fig. 5 in cross-section, on the line x of Fig. 4, one of the heatconducting plates or bodies shown in Figs. 1 and 2, together With an air-deilecting device attached thereto. Figs. 6 and 7 are similar views to Figs. 1 and 2, respectively, showing a modied construction. Fig. 8 is a part plan of a plate showing a modification. Figs. 9

e this invention.

and 10 show, respectively, in end elevation and longitudinal section a mixing and heating device, hereinafter more particularly referred to. Figs. l1 and 12 show, respectively, in longitudinal section and cross-section an externally-iired steam-generator according to Fig. 13 is a longitudinal se'c'- tion showinga further modification. Fig. 14 is a detail View.

-For internally-fired steam-generators the heat-conducting bodies consist, according to the construction shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3, of transversely arranged metal plates vl, formed with one or more perforated portions, according as the generator is of the Cornish, Figs. l and 2, Lancashire, Fig. 3, or multiiiue marine type, the said plates being secured between short Hue tubes or rings 2, so as to form therewith the furnace iiue or flues 3. The perforated portion, or each such portion, of each plate 1 may be of Wheel-like shape, as shown in Figs. l to 5, inclusivethat is to say, it may comprise a central hub or bosslike part 4, provided, preferably, with a coned or outwardly and backwardly inclined surface 4a and a number of connecting arms or bars 4b, with interposed sector or other shaped openings 4c for hot gases and air.

As it will be advantageous to stamp, out, or otherwise form the plates l out of iiat plate metal, there may advantageously be attached to the hub or boss-like part 4 and arms or bars 4b, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5, a separate correspondingly or star-shaped air-deflecting device of suitable materialfor example, castiron-the center 5 of which is conical and the arms 5a of which are of triangular section, the inclined sides being arranged as shown, so as to deiiect the air and hot gases outward against the Wall-of the furnace-flue, or the surface of the arms 5a or of the arms 4a, if the separate detlecting device be not used, may be made helical or screw-like, so as to impart a rotary motion to the hot gases and airflowing through the furnace-tube, 0r there may be in each plate 1 for each iiue a single large hole l, Figs. 6 and 7, having, as shown at the 'left-hand side of Fig. 7, a plane periphery that may be of the same diameter as or less than that of the flue tubes or rings 2, or, as shown at the right-hand side of the said Fig. 7, a toothed or corrugated periphery. The

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portion of each plate within the water-space of the steam-generator extends upward near to or above the water-level and serves to provide a large heating-surface. Such portion of the plate may be divided so as to form a number of long vertical, taper, or other shaped teethor projections 1b, Figs. 2 and 3, so that the plate somewhat resembles a comb, or the plate may be left flat and plain, as shown in Figs. et and 5, or the portion of the plate in the waterspace may be corrugated, as shown in plan in Fig. S.

When the heat conducting plates 1 are formed with one or more large Hue-holes 1, Figs. 6 and 7, there are or may be provided in conjunction with such plates that are behind the fire-bridge (5 or some of them openwork metallic mixing and heating devices 7, composed of metal, such as wire, constructed and arranged substantially as described with reference to and shown in the specification of another application for Letters Patent filed by me March 31, 1898, Serial No. 675,918. These devices maycon veniently be composed of a number of sections arranged side by side and each made of wire wound into a coil having a rectangular, circular, or other section and then bent to a circular shape, the ends of the coil being connected together, so as to form a circular wirework device having a numberof convolutions extending more orless in a radial direction from a center, as shown in Figs. 9 and 10, which represents a wire device of the kind referred to of rectangular section. Such wirework mixing and heating devices may be placed in the chimney end of the furnace-fines, (shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3,) as shown at the right-hand end of Fig. 1.

In externally -ired steam generators the heat-conducting bodies consist, according to the construction shown in Figs. 11 and 12, of transversely-arranged plates or rings 1A, secured between annular portions 8 of the boiler-shell and provided at their lower portions with long tooth-like or projecting parts 1, that extend upward within the waterspace near to the water-level, and with other tooth-like or projecting parts 1b, that extend into the flue 9 below the steamgenerator, or these latter tooth-like or projecting parts 1b may be dispensed with, in which case openwork metallic mixing and heating devices of the kind hereinbefore referred to may be arranged in the iiue 9, as shown in dotted lines at the right-hand side of Fig. 12, so as to be in conductive contact with the heat-conducting bodies 1 and the shell Sof the generator.

The heat-conducting plates or bodies 1 may be of cast or wrought metal. They may advantageously be of copper, or sonie--say those nearest the furnace-may be of iron and the remainder be of copper, so as to equalize the evaporation along the length of the generator. Such plates or bodies, besides acting as heatconductors, will serve to greatly strengthen the flue or shell of the boiler of which they form part. They may in some cases, as shown in Fig. 13, extend right across the generator' and be secured between annular sections 8 of the outer shell, as well as between the rings 2, composing the line or fines when these are used, so as in each case to divide the water and steam space of the generator into a number of adjacent compartments that may be connected at the top by holes 1X in the several plates or by external pipes. In this way the generator can be made very strong as well as efficient.

In order to prevent rapid destruction of the star-shaped air-deflectors 4 4 or 5 5f* or 1X nearest the furnace by the heat and scouring action of flame and hot gases, such deiectors may be protected by removable pieces 10 of metal bent to an angular section, as shown in Fig. 14.

-lVhat I claim is- 1. A steam-generator of the kind herein referred to provided with a number of transversely-arranged heat-conducting plates or bodies that form part of the heating-surface of the generator and extend upward between the sections of the Aliuc and into the waterspace of the generator near to or above the norm al water-level,substantially as described for the purpose speciied.

2. A steam-generatorot1 the kind herein referred to having a number of transverse heatconducting plates arranged to extend from the furnace-line upward between the sections of the ue and into the water-space of the generator, and mixing and heating devices arranged in the furnace-flue in conductive contact with said plates and adapted while not offering undue resistance to the iow of hot gases and air through such flue, to intimately mix such hot gases and air and cause them to come into contact with the heatingsurface of the generator, substantially as described.

3. A steam-generator of the kind herein referred to provided with a number of transverse heat-conducting plates arranged to form part of the heating-surface of the generator and to extend upward between the sections of the Hue and into the water-space thereof, the portion of each plate extending into the water-space being divided so as to form a number of vertical teeth or projections, substantially as described.

4. A steam-generator of the kind herein referred to comprising a shell, and one or more furnace-lines composed of connected short tubes and transverse plates that are secured between the connected short tubes and have flue-openings therethrough and extend into the water-space of the generator, substantially as described.

5. A steam-generator of the kind herein referred to comprising a shell, one or more furnace-dues composed of alternately-arranged short tubes and plates, said plates being secured between said tubes and extending upward into the water-space and formed with holes corresponding to the iiue or flues, and

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mixing and heating devices arranged within the flue or each flue behind the lire-bridge and in conductive contact with the heating-surface of the flue, substantially as described.

6. A steam-generator of the kind herein referred to comprising a shell, one or more furnace-flues composed of short tubes and transverse plates,said plates being secured between said tubes and extending upward into the water-space and formed with holes corresponding to the flue or flues, and mixing and heating devices arranged within the iiue or each liuc behind the lire-bridge and in conductive contact with the heating-surface of the iiue, the surface of said devices nearest the fire-bridge being adapted to deflect hot gases and air coming in contact therewith outward against the wall of the iiue, substantially as described.

7. A steam-generator of the kind herein referred to comprising a shell, one or more furnace-flues composed of alternately-arranged short tubes and transverse plates, said plates being secured between said tubes and eX- tending upward into the waterspace and each formed with one or more perforated portions corresponding to the iiue or iiues, each of said perforated portions comprising a central or hub-like part and connecting arms or bars integral with one another and with the plate, substantially as described for the purpose specified.

8. A steam-generator of the kind herein referred to comprising a shell, one or more flues composed of rings, transverse heat-conduct! ing plates secured between said rings and formed with one or more perforated portions each comprising a central part and connectin garms or bars located Within the corresponding iiue, and deflecting devices fixed to said arms or bars on the furnace side thereof, substantially as described for the purpose specied.

9. A steam-generator comprising a cylindrical shell built up of annular sections, and transverse heat-conductin g plates secured between the adjacent ends of said sections and dividing the interior of said shell into adjacent compartments that communicate with one another at the upper part, substantially as described.

10. A steam-generator comprising a cylindrical shell, one or more iues 3 built up of short tubes 2, and transversely-arranged perforated metal plates l secured between said tubes and formed with teeth or projections 1a extending into the water-space, some of said plates being formed with arms or bars 4.a and opening 4c in line with the Hue, substantially as described.

A 1l. A steam-generator comprising a cylindrical shell, one or more flues built up of short tubes 2, and transversely-arranged perforated metal plates secured between said tubes and extending upward into the waterspace of the generator and some of which are formed with arms or bars 4a with opening 4 in line with said flue or flues, and star-shape deiecting devices 5, 5a secured to said arms or bars and having outwardly-inclined deiiecting-surfaces substantially as described.

Signed at No. 2 Popes Head alley, Cornhill, London, England, this 13th day of October, 1898.

GUILLAUME ARNAUD NUSSBAUM.

Witnesses:

HUGH HUGHEs, L. M. RoWsELL. 

